Keeb kwm ntawm chav dej, los yog chav dej da dej (WC), spans ntau txhiab xyoo thiab qhia txog kev siv technology thiab kev sib raug zoo. Nov yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov evolution:
Ancient Times
Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2500 BCE): Ib qho ntawm cov chav dej uas paub ntxov tshaj plaws, muaj cov rooj zaum cib hla lub qhov dej ntws, tau siv hauv Is Nrias teb thaum ub.
Ancient Egypt (c. 2100 BCE): Cov chav dej yooj yim tau pom nyob hauv cov tsev ntawm cov neeg Iyiv nplua nuj, muaj cov rooj zaum pob zeb limestone hla cov xuab zeb puv.
Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Rome (c. 500 BCE - 500 CE): Cov chav dej pej xeem nrog lub rooj zaum rooj zaum thiab cov dej ntws tau tshwm sim. Cov neeg Loos kuj tau tsim ib qho kev lim dej dav dav hu ua Cloaca Maxima.
Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog
Medieval Europe (c. 500 - 1500 CE): Chamber pots thiab garderobes (cov chav dej ua rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm castles, feem ntau tawm mus rau hauv moats) tau nthuav dav. Kev huv huv pej xeem poob qis heev nyob rau lub sijhawm no.
Renaissance thiab Early Modern Period
16 xyoo pua: Sir John Harington, godson ntawm poj huab tais Elizabeth kuv, tau tsim lub chav dej hauv xyoo 1596, tab sis nws tsis tau txais kev pom zoo.
17th - 18th xyoo pua: Cov txheej txheem 'hmo ntuj av', uas tib neeg pov tseg tau sau thiab tshem tawm manually, yog ib txwm muaj nyob hauv nroog.
Xyoo 19th
Muaj kiv puag ncig: Kev ceev ceev hauv nroog ua rau muaj teeb meem kev huv huv, ua rau muaj kev hloov tshiab hauv kev tswj cov khib nyiab.
Alexander Cummings (1775): Patented S-trap, uas siv dej los kaw cov ntxhiab tsw los ntawm cov kav dej, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov chav dej niaj hnub.
Thomas Crapper: Nrov nrov thiab ua kom zoo dua cov chav dej hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, txawm tias nws tsis tau tsim nws. Nws lub tuam txhab tau txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim chav dej thiab tsim khoom.
20 xyoo pua
Standardization thiab Mass Production: Cov chav dej tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev, tshwj xeeb hauv lub ntiaj teb tsim. Kev nce qib hauv cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej phwj tuaj ua rau cov chav dej hauv tsev siv tau ntau dua thiab huv.
Taw qhia txog chav dej niaj hnub: Chav dej ua ib chav sib cais, tshwj xeeb hauv cov tsev tau dhau los ua ib txwm muaj nyob rau thaum ntxov txog nrab xyoo pua -20th century.
Thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 20 thiab 21st
Kev tsim kho tshiab: Kev taw qhia txog kev siv dej yaug dual-txuag, tsim kev txuag dej, thiab cov chav dej ntse nrog cov yam ntxwv xws li bidet, rooj zaum rhuab, thiab automated flushing.
Ntiaj teb no Sanitation Initiatives: Kev siv zog los muab kev nkag mus rau cov chaw huv huv hauv lub tebchaws tau nce ntxiv, nrog cov koom haum xws li World Health Organization thiab UNICEF ua haujlwm los txhim kho kev huv huv.
Xaus
Kev hloov pauv ntawm chav dej qhia txog kev nthuav dav hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis, kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem, thiab nroog loj. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev huv huv thaum ub mus rau cov chav dej ntse niaj hnub, kev tsim cov chav dej tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev nyiam huv thiab lub neej zoo.
